Youth Justice Policy in the UK

Youth Justice Policy in the UK Youth Justice Policy So as to assess why improvements in youth equity strategy and practice since 1997 are a reason for festivity and concern, the ideological inspirations and the more extensive social and political setting will be distinguished. The Crime and Disorder Act 1998; the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act, 1999 and the Anti Social Behavior Act 2003 will be talked about as far as the propelling belief system and sane supporting. The useful ramifications of the demonstrations and their social results will be assessed so as to exhibit what the demonstrations accomplish and where they neglect to serve the privileges of the person in the adolescent equity framework. Advancements in youth equity strategy and practice in the earlier decade have been established in an ideological setting that consolidates both neo-liberal methodologies of duty and hazard the executives (Muncie, 2006) and neo-preservationist philosophies that involve a tyrant acknowledgment of strategy (Muncie Hughes, 2002). Be that as it may, social components can't be sabotaged when considering factors that rouse the development of youth equity strategy. Progressively, a culture of dread and terrorizing has emerged in the UK around societys youth. Muncie and Hughes (2002) point to cases, for example, the homicide of multi year old James Bulger by two multi year olds as contributing variables to this dread culture. The indication of this social cognizance of dread is shown in the instituting of the term hoody to speak to a scary youth in a hooded jumper (Sanders, 2005). In this manner youth equity strategy must be believed to conciliate these cultural concerns. An aftereffect of th is is youth are in danger of criminalisation and underestimation (Scraton, Haydon, 2002). The hazard is of an assumption that individuals from youth culture are probably going to, or as of now have carried out a criminal demonstration. To comprehend whether improvements in youth equity strategy ought to be commended or be respected with concern, it is imperative to comprehend the points of the more extensive setting of New Labor Reform. Strategy has been persuaded by a longing to frame a change from reformatory to remedial equity (Gelsthorpe Morris, 2002). This is spurred by a culture of expanding understanding and drawing in the guilty party with the ramifications of their activities and is intelligent of the New Labor political position to pummel wrongdoing and the reasons for it. The subsequent upheaval in youth equity strategy has been condemned for its inability to keep up a reliable belief system all through (Goldson Muncie, 2006). The resultant hazard is a confounded, or jumbled ideological way to deal with youth equity, and a conflicting encounter among radicalism and conservatism for the guilty party going through the change framework. In any case, this blend of ideological methodology is progressively har d to bind together in a different multi-social society (Newburn, 2002; Fergusson, 2007). It is against this social and political scenery that three noteworthy bits of youth equity enactment have developed. These are the Crime and Disorder Act 1998, the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 and the Anti Social Behavior Act 2003. The Crime and Disorder Act 1998 utilizes standards of actuarial hazard the board by forcing nearby specialists with the obligation to execute chance decrease measures inside an electorate (Moss, 2001; Farrington, 2002). These Community Safety Strategies are required to explicitly address the anticipation of youth wrongdoing. The handy results of these methodologies incorporate the execution of child rearing and kid wellbeing orders, nearby curfews and activity plan, confinement and preparing orders (Scanlan, 1998). The Act brought into utilization the Anti-Social Behavior Order (ASBO) and invalidated the past suspicion that people younger than ten ought not be condemned for submitting an offense. The ASBO is regulated to people who are rega rded to carry on in a way that may make mischief or trouble others. The utilization of hazard the executives techniques to frame Community Safety Strategies has been both bolstered and tested. Established in quantitative investigation, they unequivocally distinguish indicator factors for youth crime giving an objective zone to intercessions and precaution measures (Farrington, 1997). Such recognized hazard factors have regularly included ruined financial foundations, cruel and unpredictable control societies and companion bunch impacts (Loeber, Farrington Waschbusch, 1999). Obviously, effective avoidance systems planned for improving the conditions encompassing these hazard factors are helpful for the adolescent guilty party and to society as both appreciate improved government assistance conditions. Notwithstanding, there are issues natural in the decentralized way to deal with Community Safety Strategies. The quantitative methodology directs that ideas are summed up, and the actuarial evaluation procedures center upon effectiveness and smoothing ou t through youth equity process (Kempf-Leonard Peterson, 2000). What is lost is a subjective, singular way to deal with youth equity change, and the individualistic thought of the most gainful (if not generally proficient) process is missing. Case (2007) contends that this methodology fails to represent the experience of partners, for example, youth laborers and adolescent wrongdoers. A mix of the quantitative and subjective methodologies would improve the environmental legitimacy of hazard investigation translations. The Anti-Social Behavior Act 2003 corrects subtleties of anticipation techniques, for example, child rearing agreements and ASBO organization. Innate in the inspirations adding to the strategy is the longing to assuage open dread of adolescent guilty parties by restoring a thought of regard inside British people group culture (Squires, 2008). Established in social consideration talk, the demonstration transcendently points to some degree to improve the instructive and social bonds between the young, guardians and the school foundation. This is obvious in the child rearing agreements which require a protection of a childs participation at school. As indicated by the social advancement model (Catalano Hawkins, 1996), elements of destitution and poor training together collaborate to advance the probability of reprobate conduct. By guaranteeing parental and youth commitment with training, this connection can be broken. Moreover, guardians might be required to go to child rearing courses if their childs conduct isn't regarded to improve. The demonstration expresses that nearby instruction specialists can draw in with guardians of kids avoided from school so as to set up the legally binding procedure. The Act additionally sets up powers for police to scatter gatherings of multiple people out in the open spaces on the off chance that they seem, by all accounts, to be causing disturbance. There are issues inalienable in these new powers apportioned to the police. Examination has shown that gatherings of young people are more promptly saw as undermining than congregated gatherings of other age gatherings (Mille, Jacobson, McDonald, Hough, 2005). Besides, nearby offices present clash in how to manage people esteemed to be taking part in hostile to social practice. There gives off an impression of being a trouble in adjusting neo-liberal and neo-preservationist draws near and the supported methodology may shift territorially. Mille et al (2005) additionally showed a disparity between national recognitions and neighborhood executions of ASBO organization. A national accord that there ought to be an accentuation on requirement diverges from the nearby execution of social incorporation approaches. While child rearing courses have been esteemed as fruitful for the time being (Kazdin, 1997), concerns have been raised about the drawn out adequacy and the cost viability of nati onal usage. It has likewise been shown that the thought of obligation has been unified in legislative youth equity change and that the privileges of the parent and the kid have not been adequately conceptualized to manage this (Hollingsworth, 2007). The inability to do this has brought about a social vilification and criminalisation of families with low financial status (Goldson, 2002) which discredits the ideal impacts of social incorporation. The general consequence of the Act is the social penalisation and separation of youthful people and common laborers guardians. The Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 was likewise borne out of a longing to adequately oversee youth wrongdoing issues in a way that was monetarily proficient. The emphasis on wrongdoing avoidance and intercession is a result of this inspiration for effectiveness. It has been regarded that counteraction of wrongdoing is more financially savvy than correctional measures once the demonstration has been submitted (Winter, 2007). Moreover, ideas of determination, restoration and transformation are considered excessively individualistic and are all the more proficiently oversaw by utilizing uses of asset the board (Muncie, 1999). So as to improve proficiency, the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 requests the referral of first time youth guilty parties to boards rather than carrying out a custodial punishment. The asset of the board which is assigned to the adolescent guilty party is considered to be an early answer for re-irritating, guaranteeing that the individua l doesn't turn into a constant crook. This will guarantee that the individual requires less assets generally speaking from the correctional framework. The down to earth result of the Youth Justice and Criminal Act 1999 is that the adolescent wrongdoer is alluded to a board upon the primary offense on the off chance that they confess. The individual deliberates with the board to deliver an activity plan that the adolescent will follow as well. Activity plans are planned for improving the social conditions of the kid and discrediting hazard factors. On the beginning this seems positive. The culpable individual is counseled and if ready to work co-operatively, is hypothetically ready to participate in a rehabilitative procedure that will discourage future culpable conduct. While this methodology has regarded to at first show up as

The Best Persuasive Essay Writing Tips

The Best Persuasive Essay Writing TipsYou can use the best persuasive essay writing tips in order to help you make your final product more effective. The reason that you need to have these tips is because you are writing a persuasive essay for an audience and they need to be convinced that your product is right for them.You do not want to write an effective persuasive essay that is full of contradictions. You want to make sure that the reader has to read more than one thing in order to reach their decision. If they are able to come to the conclusion that you have said everything that you wanted to say with regards to your product, then that will be great.But if they are not able to get anything out of your essay then you have failed as a writer. In order to make sure that you are not a failure when it comes to persuasive essay writing, you need to be clear about what you are trying to achieve with the topic that you are writing about. Once you know what you are trying to accomplish, you will be able to come up with ways to convince the audience to buy your product.One of the best persuasive essay writing tips that you need to have is to make sure that the audience understands that you are only trying to sell them a product. If you are writing an essay that is to persuade the audience to do something then you need to remember that they are already persuaded by you. When you do this, they will be more receptive to whatever you are trying to get across to them.You also need to make sure that the audience knows that you are not trying to sell them on your product. If you do this, you will be able to get people to buy something that you are selling to them. They will understand that they are buying something, but that you are selling something.Another persuasive essay writing tip that you need to have is to be able to find the right keywords that will make your essay more appealing. You need to use words that people will be able to relate to. This will ensure that t hey will buy something that you are selling.A third persuasive essay writing tip that you need to have is to know that your audience needs to understand that you will need to convince them. If you can make the audience realize that you need to convince them that you have their best interest at heart, then you will be able to do this successfully. You do not want to make the audience feel like they are being lied to; you want to make them feel like you are being honest with them.Using these three persuasive essay writing tips is a good way to go about persuading the audience to buy something that you are selling. They are just tips. You should not feel that you have to use these techniques all of the time.

Free Essays on Environment Response

All around America, there are numerous instances of Federalism including natural security and safeguarding. Regularly, states will deal with little circumstances or those that are arranged in their state as it were. Anyway at times, issues get too enormous or too critical to be in any way settled by the state governments alone, so the government includes themselves. As a result of our current political framework, the government is predominant over the state’s rule. Things like Everglades’s rejuvenation, Chesapeake Bay cleanup/security, and harmful waste stockpiling in the Yucca Mountains can be taken care of by the states since the regions are in the states themselves. Nevertheless, the domains are additionally situated in America which is represented by the government. Therefore, on the off chance that the government intercedes, at that point the impact of the state will be obliged. This is the meaning of federalism. Both administrative and state governments are worried about the conservation of the Everglades. Indeed, there has been a proposition went to help keep the Everglades clean. â€Å"The Everglades Protection Area will be characterized as gone ahead in s. 373.4592, F.S. The phosphorus rule for the Everglades Protection Area will be 10 sections for every billion (ppb) and will apply to all prevalently freshwater segments of the Everglades Protection Area. Consistence with the phosphorus model will be founded on a drawn out geometric mean of focus levels to be estimated at inspecting stations perceived from the examination to be sensibly illustrative of accepting waters in the Everglades Protection Area, thus found in order to guarantee that the Everglades Protection Area isn't modified to cause a lopsidedness in common populaces of oceanic widely varied vegetation and to guarantee a net improvement in the zones as of now impacted.† This recommends that the degrees of phosphorus and contamination ought to be estimated tho... Free Essays on Environment Response Free Essays on Environment Response All around America, there are numerous instances of Federalism including ecological insurance and safeguarding. Regularly, states will deal with little circumstances or those that are arranged in their state as it were. Anyway in some cases, issues get too large or too essential to be in any way settled by the state governments alone, so the central government includes themselves. As a result of our current political framework, the government is predominant over the state’s rule. Things like Everglades’s rejuvenation, Chesapeake Bay cleanup/security, and harmful waste stockpiling in the Yucca Mountains can be taken care of by the states since the regions are in the states themselves. In any case, the regions are likewise situated in America which is represented by the national government. Along these lines, on the off chance that the national government intercedes, at that point the impact of the state will be obliged. This is the meaning of federalism. Both bureaucratic and state governments are worried about the protection of the Everglades. Truth be told, there has been a proposition went to help keep the Everglades clean. â€Å"The Everglades Protection Area will be characterized as gone ahead in s. 373.4592, F.S. The phosphorus standard for the Everglades Protection Area will be 10 sections for every billion (ppb) and will apply to all transcendently freshwater parts of the Everglades Protection Area. Consistence with the phosphorus standard will be founded on a drawn out geometric mean of fixation levels to be estimated at testing stations perceived from the examination to be sensibly illustrative of accepting waters in the Everglades Protection Area, thus found in order to guarantee that the Everglades Protection Area isn't adjusted in order to cause a lopsidedness in common populaces of amphibian widely varied vegetation and to guarantee a net improvement in the zones as of now impacted.† This recommends that the degrees of phosphorus and contamination ought to be estimated tho...

Fight Club Movie Review - 2475 Words

Fight Club (Movie Review Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:Fight club analysisThe film "Fight Club" that is based upon the book of the same title has David Fincher as its director and stars Edward Norton and Brad Pitt. In the movie, the viewer is compelled to delve into their individual materialistic tendencies and explore the vagueness of truth and reality. The title of the movie arises from a Tylerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s (Brad Pitt) conviction that that preceding generations were characterized by the wars they fought, particularly Vietnam and WWII and that todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s generations unavailability of a terrific war removed that meaning away from them. In the privation of that being, people become a consumerist community set upon distraction. The philosophy application to a work of art is a procedure that aids to both discover meaning as well as practical comprehension of concepts and aspects behind a work of art and understand the concepts within a philosophical reflection. In employing a philosophic al comprehension of the society plus the way people reason to Fight Club movie, the obvious field is Existentialism. David Fincherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s language, themes, and characters film adaptation share strong links with the concepts set forth by philosophers deemed as Existentialist, for instance, Freud Sigmund.Fight Club (1999) movie is articulated from the perception of an anonymous storyteller (Norton Edward). When first encountered, Norton is an insomniac, living in a society where he does not hold the desire or energy to even examine his present life. This changed when Norton met Tyler, who initiates him to a society of violence and chaos in the mode of a fight club as well as afterwards Project Mayhem. The experiences result to an existential catastrophe triggering him to examine the very bases of his existence, as well as whether it has purpose, value, and meaning. At the start of movie, the storyteller is presented to lead a meaningless and shallow life. His insomnia mostly leav es him merely semi-conscious of his environs as he reaches in places without awareness of the trip (Fight Club Movie). Norton has no forthcoming objectives for his existence and believes death is his only way out, asserting that on journeys he pleaded for a collision, or a middle-air crash. Nortonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life is based upon a monotonous series of working, generating money, as well as spending it upon consumer-oriented goods, for instance, IKEA furniture. Norton realizes that he has yielded to the stress-free IKEA luxuries of Danish contemporary furniture. This is mirrored by his account in the film that he has devoted his entire life to buy these things. It is just upon encountering Tyler that Norton gets manages to admit the insignificance of his existence and takes action, leading into an existential catastrophe.As the storyteller struggles to evade from this boring monotony, he recognizes that he needs to act to create a significant life. His life is exhibited as a scuffle between two different people as Tyler compels him to vindicate his being. The contrast of the circumstance is that, for the most parts of film, the watcher believes that the scuffle is between the storyteller and Tyler (Fight Club Movie). It is uncovered just before the culmination of the film, that he has effectively formed his own significant life since there is no distinct individual known as Tyler. Indeed Tyler and the storyteller is one and the same person. The scuffle was between the storyteller and himself. The existential mischance is profound as well as may likewise have directly resulted in psychological disorders such as dissociative identity disorder, and sociopathic tendencies, insanity, and suicidal (Freud 45).The reality the storyteller searches for is a novel world, a moment where all past achievements are wrecked so that humans can relish a novel golden era. With the obliteration of the globe, a novel one could be built on it. Tyler claims that the narrator is stalk ing elk via Rockefeller Centreà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s ruins. This notion, which Tyler as well as in turn the narrator abides by becomes a notion that they can die or live for, as through the culmination of the movie viewers witness Tyler together with all his space-monkeys willing to surrender their lives (Fight Club Movie).The primitivism is similarly a very robust commitment, which the Tyler and the narrator makes, as well as is something, which gives purpose and meaning to the group of men who willfully volunteered for Project Mayhem. Moreover, the Space Monkeys found meaning and purpose for their existences, a technique that Existentialists would welcome. The monkeys confront their foggy lives as well as the fear of outside influences (Fight Club Movie). Project Mayhem and Fight Club are commitments, which remove the depression emanating from being brought up to believe that they will be movie gods, millionaires, and rock stars, yet it does not happen. The disenchantment of men nowadays-me n as a neutral collective, since women can now have similar expectations as men, can be discontinued and life reiterated through the main objective of existential emphasis (Freud 50).A stimulating thing to note is the commitment and dedication that Jack displays in the movie. This is seen when Tyler decided to create Project Mayhem. Jack forms a resistance to combat that cannot stand. Whereas he becomes aggravated and once more suffers from sleeplessness, Tyler resolves to notch up the Fight Club. Tyler denotes the convinced half, but the narrator does not entirely commit to the strategies the narrator and Tyler had formulated. This commitment is vital to existential reprieve, and possibly it is the pain, suffering as well as isolation the narrator experiences from Tyler as well as the other fight club members (and finally project mayhem), which is suggestive of his existential commitment shortage (Fight Club Movie).Tyler and the Narrator set up an array of wrongs and right, which a re not centered upon the universal view. They attain moral individuality through ignoring all they have been imparted to adhere to and respect. Jack scrutinizes a career as well as a materialistic apartment; however, once they break free of that impeding, objective shell as well as make their individual choices, beating one another to a pulp, Tyler and the narrator realized their own individual morals. This stretches to choice and irrationality (Fight Club Movie). To make decisions and choices grounded on sagacity is viewed as exterior to existential conviction. The irrational mode, which the pair uses to break away and uncover facts about themselves, for instance, Jack recognizing Tylerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s love (his own affection) for Marla, is innate to existentialist technique. Only via the absurd exploitation and acts that the remainder of the populace would perceive in shudder that the pair came to the realization and begun the pursuit for their individual truths (Freud 55).The absurdi st setting of the twists of the plot, the characterà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s performances and the general story imagery (double dispositions, support sets rushing to rescue Jackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s life, enormous grinning faces with blazing eyes at a tower) results into apparent existential connections (Fight Club Movie). Paulson Robert is a major illustration of the incongruous. Paulson was once an excellent specimen of virility-body builder-who acquired testicular cancer. Following hormone therapy treatment, he then grows breasts, his vocal sound rises plus he holds the narrator like an infant, embracing him as he weeps. Robert turns into a symbol of absurdity, a male who becomes a woman, as well as this represents the concept of feminized males hence the absurdist existentialism. The existentialist writers excluded naturalism within their productions to portray human life as futile within an apathetic world (Freud 56). The survival of the human beings in Fight Club movie is definitely viewed as meani ngless, as well as with the absurdist strains in the film existential comparisons are shown. The liberty of choice is a favored theme within Fight Club movie.The film chose to show its audiences humans who choose themselves through choosing between contrasting passions in crisis moments of. This is evident with Tyler and Jack. Tyler plays as a course upon which Jack has to make choices. The choices are key points in the movie, as well as are delineating points for the narratorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s character. When the narrator chose to concur with Tyler, moved in with him as well as agreed to strike that first, ill-intended blow outside the tavern, he undertook the first step to building his personality and delineating his existence. This is carried out beyond the objective principles mentioned before, making it ostensibly absurd as well as is, therefore, an incredibly existential instant in the Fight Club film. The second main character delineating choice for the narrator is the instant when he chooses to pull the gun trigger into his mouth, therefore, putting down Tyler Durden. During that moment the Narrator chooses to take matters into his individual hands as well as break free from the safety blanket, which Tyler had turned into. The Narrator chooses amid his passions, which of the sureness and the power Tyler could offer as well as his affection for Marla in addition to his freshly formed moralities. This is the fundamental moment of conception for the Narrator; the moment, which detaches the Narrator from Tyler, is led to through the very presence of Tyler (Fight Club Movie).The absurdity nature of viewpoint, the conviction that the human being self joins body and mind, paradoxes, which shape a fusion of ma, is viewed in the movie Fight Club. The Narrator and Tyler are clearly extremely unlike from one another. Tylerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s bizarre clothing sense, his flamboyance, calm as well as energetic outlook are a long way apart from the Narratorà ¢...

Five Theories in the Bedroom of the Dead Essay - 876 Words

â€Å"[T]he utility in diverse theories in interpretation does not imply the simultaneous truth of all the claims in the theoretical inventory† states Roland Garrett in a concluding statement discussing how more than one theory must be used to interpret fully a single work of text (Garrett 124). James Joyce’s short story â€Å"The Dead† is used to portray this statement in Garrett’s article â€Å"Six Theories in the Bedroom of The Dead.† As noted by the title of the article, Garrett analyzes James Joyce’s story using more than one literary theory and a â€Å"general reflection† at the end to recap his work (Garrett 123). Garrett takes time to point out why each theory can and cannot work for â€Å"The Dead† using historical and textual evidence to support his†¦show more content†¦A perfect example is Gabriels reaction to Lilys snap in regard to her private life, he coloured, as if he felt he had made a mistake from whic h he promptly kicked off his galoshes and ran away (Joyce 298). Does this reaction prompt questioning of his past? How might the reader examine the text to find out the answer? With further elaboration on psychoanalysis, the reader may be able to answer such questions. The idea of delving deeper into the psychosis of Gabriel may aid the reader by creating a richer and more fulfilling picture of his character; conversely, stressing knowledge about the context of the period is also important. The article holds a plethora of knowledge on the theories used to analyze The Dead; however, the reader thinks that the author leaves out potentially enlightening information about the importance of background information. Such information would include international events, historic events on the continent to which the story is taking place, and influential events in the author’s life. These would help the reader to understand the characters a little better by showing, for example, why Ga briel might be insulted at Miss Ivors calling him a â€Å"West Briton† (Joyce 303). He is insulted due to the poor political connection that Ireland and England have, meaning, that Miss Ivors, essentially, callsShow MoreRelatedOedipus Relationship Between Hamlet and Gertrude1224 Words   |  5 Pagesis analyzed Freuds oedipal complex theory comes to mind. Sigmund Freud first wrote about his theory in his book An Interpretation of Dreams in 1899. Simply put, Freud states that it is normal for children to have sexual desires for their parent of the opposite sex. He says that it is also normal to have feelings of hatred for the other parent that is of the same sex as the child. 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Should the Internet be Censored Essay - 1062 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ximenes 1 Should the Internet Be Censored? â€Å"No bones about it, the Internet needs to be censored†. At least according to Gerry Morgan, president of an Internet contents provider and a parent, he among other non-denominational Christian parents claims that they have found â€Å"the only realistic answer to the Internet porn-crisis†. They’ve created a program where all Web sites are pre-screened, avoiding any material that can be harmful to kids (Watson). They say that the Internet has to be censored because it has material, especially pornography, which can and will be offensive to others. But not everybody agrees with that. The censorship of the Internet†¦show more content†¦Unfortunately for them they are now facing a much bigger enemy, indeed according to Leonard Sussman, the coordinator of the 22nd annual press freedom survey, â€Å"the Internet is the most formidable challenge to the censor†(Society). We may consider pornography harmful and think that it should be banned from the Internet. To achieve such large-scale censorship, it would have to be done in the whole world since the Internet is a global method of communication and anyone is able to access material on international sites. The problem with this strategy is that the issue of censoring the Internet goes far beyond pornography; in fact in some countries it also includes political issues. What in the U.S. is seen as free speech or part of what make us have a critic sense about what is better for our country, in China can be seen as a crime. In fact in March of 2001 a high-school teacher was sentenced to two years in prison for saying â€Å"Down with the communist party!† online in that country (Liu). Ximenes 3 Furthermore, it is important for us to be exposed to a variety of concepts and ideas in order to develop our own sense of morality. 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Articles Of Confederation Essay Example For Students

Articles Of Confederation Essay Articles of ConfederationFrom 1781 to 1789 the Articles of Confederation provided the United States with an ineffective government, however there were some strong steps taken in the articles to try and make the United States a better country. The articles created a loose confederation of independent states that gave limited powers to a central government, known as Congress. Some actions taken by Congress, such as the Treaty of Paris, and certain powers that were given to them were sometimes beneficial to the United States. Nevertheless, in attempting to limit the power of the central government, the Second Continental Congress created one without sufficient power to govern effectively, which led to serious national and international problems. The greatest weakness of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation was its inability to regulate trade and levy taxes. In the long run, the Articles of Confederation was a shot in the arm for the United States. The Articles of C onfederation arranged a national government that would consist of a single house of Congress, where each state would have one vote. Congress had the power to set up a postal department, to estimate the costs of the government and request donations from the states, and to raise armed forces. Congress could also borrow money as well as declare war and enter into treaties and alliances with foreign nations. With this power, Congress was able to make the Articles of Confederation look good by signing the Treaty of Paris in 1783. This treaty, signed along with Great Britain, concluded the American Revolution. By its terms, Great Britain recognized the thirteen colonies as the free and independent United States of America. However, the most important power was that Congress had the right to obtain territory and control development of the western territories, which was previously controlled by their mother country, Great Britain. (Doc D) With the Articles of Confederation, the United State s was able to break away from their mother country and become a free nation, setting up their own government. Although the articles set the United States free, it was unable to provide them with a solid government. Leaders like John Jay and James Madison criticized the Articles of Confederation because of the weak government. (Doc G) There were several problems between the states and the central government. For instance, sometimes the states refused to give the government the money it needed, and they engaged in tariff wars with one another, bringing interstate trading to a halt. The government could not pay off the debts it had incurred during the revolution, including paying soldiers who had fought in the war and citizens who had provided supplies to the cause. (Doc C) In addition, the new nation was unable to defend its borders from British and Spanish encroachment because it could not pay for an army when the states would not contribute the necessary funds. Another serious probl em was that Congress could not pass needed measures because they lacked nine-state majority required to become laws. The states largely ignored Congress, which was powerless to enforce cooperation, and it was therefore unable to carry out its duties; duties such as trade regulation, which began to crumble with the entrance of the articles. The United States was unable to expand their market value with the population. (Doc B) With all of the difficulty between the people and the government, it is obvious that the Articles of Confederation weakened the United States. Congress did gain some control, and did some good deeds, but their control was too limited, and they could not get along with the people. The central government could not manage the trade regulation, nor could they levy taxes on the people. With no money being brought into the government, no country is able to be successful. .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .postImageUrl , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:visited , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:active { border:0!important; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:active , .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629 .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubd1ebf0ff24c1ed9b4eff8e22e92e629:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: CRITICAL THINKING Essay